style guides
the associated press stylebook: 2022-2024 by call number: reference desk pn4783 .a83 2022isbn: 9781541601659publication date: 2022-07-05
- ap purdue owl style guidepurdue owl's ap (associated press) style guide with examples and sample papers.
- ieee purdue owl style guidepurdue owl's ieee guide with examples and sample papers.
- bluebook purdue owl style guidepurdue owl's bluebook style guide with examples and sample papers.
about ap, ieee, and bluebook citation styles
ap (associated press), ieee, and bluebook are more niche style guides for specific disciplines.
ap (associated press) is used in journalism, communications, and news writing. some publications like the new york times have their own styles but knowledge of ap style is useful for print journalism and news.
ieee is a style used for engineering, computer science, and information technology that was created by the institute for electrical and electronics engineers (ieee). they have also created standards in other disciplines.
bluebook is used in law specifically for citations. the chicago manual of style is typically used in other parts of the paper.
note: ieee and bluebook are supported by endnote but ap (associated press) is not.
examples
the ap (associated press) style is not meant for academic papers but more for publications in journalism and news writing. it includes general guidelines for names, locations, abbreviations, acronyms, punctuation, and listing of dates.
in-text citations: ieee uses bracketed numbers for in-text citations, which can function as a footnote or a noun. the numbers correspond to your reference list at the end of your paper.
ex. the city of cookeville is populated entirely by cats wearing bird masks [1], and thus…
as established in [1], the city of cookeville is populated entirely by cats wearing bird masks, and thus…
references:
journals/periodicals: [#] author, “title,” journal, volume, number, page range, month year, doi.
books: [#] author, title, volume, edition. city, state, country: publisher, year.
websites: [#] author. “page.” website. url (accessed month day, year).
court cases:
case name, source page number (court year) (additional information as needed).
constitutions:
constitution title subdivision, subdivision.
statutes, laws, and codes:
act title, source § number (year).
bills and resolutions:
act title, document number, term # legislative body, session § number (state year).
hearings:
title: hearing on bill before the committee, term & session page numbers (year) (statement of firstname lastname, titles).
citation tools
- endnote this link opens in a new window
this link goes to our guide with in-depth information on this powerful citation tool. once en is installed export, save, & organize citations in one place. let en atomically format citations in your paper.
- ieee reference guidea guide for creating references in ieee style.